Worldwide, there are over 2,500 different types of apples that are grown. Although we may not be able to produce all of the 2,500 different types of apples, we can certainly hold our own and produce enough variety to keep any palate happy.
However, how you decide what apple to grow is sometimes difficult. Please read on and tempt your taste buds to grow your own apples. The following are some of the more popular cultivars of prairie-hardy apples. By definition, an apple tree that produces fruit that is five centimetres or larger in diameter is considered a true apple. Fruit that is 3.5 to 5.0 cm in diameter is classified as an apple-crab, and fruit smaller than 3.5 cm is a crabapple.
Early Season Apples – harvest in August
‘Heyer 12’ is a very hardy selection made from a seedling of a Russian apple by Mr. Adolph Heyer, an amateur fruit breeder from Neville, Saskatchewan. Due to its extreme hardiness and its high degree of fire blight resistance, it has remained a reliable apple for prairie conditions since its introduction in 1940. Fruit is 5–6 cm, round, yellow-green with no red colour. Flesh is creamy white, coarse, and mildly acid. The fruit breaks down very quickly and will not store for more than a couple days.
‘Norland’ is a good quality, medium-sized (6–7 cm) apple suitable for fresh eating or cooking. Fruit shape is oblong conic, slightly ribbed; skin has a greenish yellow base colour and a 50–60% washed and striped dark red over colour. Flesh is cream coloured with a slight greenish tint and coarse in texture. It has good flavour with moderate acid. Fruit ripens in mid- to late August and stores very well, especially if picked slightly before full maturity. Trees are semi-dwarf, upright spreading and annually productive. Trees are considered hardy to zone 2a but somewhat susceptible to fire blight.
‘Westland’ is a large (7–8 cm) apple with fair quality for eating and good quality for cooking. Fruit shape is round conic with slight ribbing. Skin is yellowish, with 10–20% washed and striped light red. Flesh is creamy white tinged red; flavour is moderate acid and sweet. Fruit ripens in mid- to late August and stores moderately well (up to 8 weeks). Trees are semi-vigorous with wide-angled crotches and are annually productive. They are hardy to zone 1b if provided some protection. ‘Westland’ is suggested as a replacement for ‘Heyer 12’ as a hardy cooking apple.
Mid-Season Apples – harvest in late August to late September
‘Adanac’ has fruit that is 6 cm in diameter, with green skin with red stripes. The flesh is greenish-white, slightly coarse, slightly acid and good for fresh eating, cooking and juice. It forms round-headed, semi-dwarf trees with good branching habits. It is resistant to fire blight and hardy to 2a.
‘Battleford’ has fruit of 7 cm in diameter with greenish-yellow skin mottled and streaked with red. The flesh is yellowish-white, somewhat coarse, and slightly acidic. It stores for one month and can be eaten fresh, used for cooking or juicing. It has limited resistance to fire blight and is of reliable hardiness only to zone 2a.
‘Breakey’ produces 6–7 cm diameter apples that are round with amber coloured skin that is striped with red. It matures in September. The flesh is white, fine-textured, flavourful and juicy. It is excellent for fresh eating, cooking and juice and stores well for eight weeks. It requires a protected site in zones 3 and 2b and is susceptible to fire blight.
Watch next week for more apple cultivars that you can grow.
Hanbidge is the Lead Horticulturist with Orchid Horticulture. Find us at www.orchidhort.com; by email at growyourfuture@gmail.com, on Facebook @orchidhort and on Instagram at #orchidhort.
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